Las siguientes derivadas son variantes de la derivada del logarítmo natural
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=f%28x%29%3Dln%28u%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bu%7D%20%28u%27%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bu%27%7D%7Bu%7D%20" />
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=a%29f%28x%29%3Dln%283x-4%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%283x-4%29%27%7D%7B3x-4%7D%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B3x-4%7D%20" />
Para el siguiente ejercicio vamos a valernos de las propiedades de los logaritmos
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=ln%28%20%5Cfrac%7Ba%7D%7Bb%7D%20%29%3Dln%28a%29-ln%28b%29" />
Entonces tenemos
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=b%29f%28x%29%3Dln%28%20%5Cfrac%7B1%2Bu%7D%7B1-u%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%28x%29%3Dln%281%2Bu%29-ln%281-u%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%281%2Bu%29%27%7D%7B1%2Bu%7D-%20%5Cfrac%7B%281-u%29%27%7D%7B1-u%7D%20%20%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28u%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B1%2Bu%7D%20-%20%5Cfrac%7B-1%7D%7B1-u%7D%20%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28u%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B1%2Bu%7D%20%2B%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B1-u%7D%20%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28u%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%281-u%29%2B%281%2Bu%29%7D%7B%281%2Bu%29%281-u%29%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B%201-u%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%20%20%5C%5C%20%20%5C%5C%20c%29f%28t%29%3D%28%20t%5E%7B2%7D%2B1%20%29ln%282t%2B1%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28t%29%3D%28%20t%5E%7B2%7D%2B1%20%29%27%28ln%282t%2B1%29%29%2B%28ln%282t%2B1%29%29%27%28%20t%5E%7B2%7D%2B1%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28t%29%3D%282t%29%28ln%282t%2B1%29%29%2B%20%5Cfrac%7B%282t%2B1%29%27%7D%7B2t%2B1%7D%20%28%20t%5E%7B2%7D%2B1%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28t%29%3D%20%282t%29ln%282t%2B1%29%2B%20%5Cfrac%7B2%28%20t%5E%7B2%7D%2B1%20%29%7D%7B2t%2B1%7D%20%20" />
Para el siguiente ejercicio vamos a volver a usar las propiedades de los logaritmos
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=ln%28%20x%5E%7Bn%7D%20%29%3D%28n%29ln%28x%29" />
Entonces tenemos
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20d%29f%28w%29%3Dln%28%20%5Csqrt%7B1%2B%20w%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%28w%29%3Dln%28%20%281%2B%20w%5E%7B2%7D%20%29%5E%7B%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%20%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%28w%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%20ln%281%2B%20%20w%5E%7B2%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28w%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%20%28%20%5Cfrac%7B%28%201%2Bw%5E%7B2%7D%20%29%27%7D%7B1%2B%20w%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28w%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B2w%7D%7B2%281%2B%20w%5E%7B2%7D%20%29%7D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bw%7D%7B1%2B%20w%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%20%20" />
para el siguiente ejercicio tenemos que usar la derivada del logaritmo no natural con su variante
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=f%28x%29%3Dlog%20_%7Ba%7D%20%28u%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bu%27%7D%7Bu%7D%20%28%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bln%28a%29%7D%20%29" />
Entonces tenemos
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=e%29f%28x%29%3Dlog%28%20x%5E%7B3%7D%2B2%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%28%20x%5E%7B3%7D%2B2%20%29%27%7D%7B%20x%5E%7B3%7D%2B2%20%7D%20%28%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bln%2810%29%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B3%20x%5E%7B2%7D%20%7D%7B%20%28x%5E%7B3%7D%2B2%29ln%2810%29%20%7D%20" />
<img src="https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=f%29f%28x%29%3Dlog%20_%7B2%7D%20%28%20x%5E%7B4%7D-x%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%28%20x%5E%7B4%7D-x%20%29%27%7D%7B%20x%5E%7B4%7D-x%20%7D%20%28%20%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7Bln%282%29%7D%20%29%20%5C%5C%20f%27%28x%29%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B4%20x%5E%7B3%7D-1%20%7D%7B%28%20x%5E%7B4%7D-x%20%29ln%282%29%7D%20" />
Y eso sería todo, espero te sirva y si tienes alguna pregunta me avisas.